/* Files: model/model4.pl, model/heart4.pl, model/possible4.pl kardio_dm.pl deep model of the heart, 4th level of detail, standard Prolog, suitable for simulation Copyright (c) 1989, Igor Mozetic. All rights reserved. Author : Dr. Igor Mozetic Austrian Research Institute for Artificial Intelligence Schottengasse 3 A-1010 Vienna, Austria Phone: (+43 1) 533-6112 Email: igor@ai.univie.ac.at Updated: 6/29/1990 The user agrees that this program and any derivative works are to be used solely for academic purposes and are not to be sold, distributed, or commercially exploited in any manner. As experimental, research software, this program is provided free of charge on an "as is" basis without warranty of any kind. All title, ownership and rights to this program and any copies remain with the author. When publishing any results using this program, this will be properly acknowledged and the following publications (whichever is relevant) will be referenced: Bratko, I., Mozetic, I., Lavrac, N. KARDIO: A Study in Deep and Qualitative Knowledge for Expert Systems. The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1989. The following is a rational reconstruction of a major part of the heart model described in the KARDIO book. A comparison to other representations, and (some) relations to the original KARDIO model are in: Mozetic, I. Diagnostic efficiency of deep and surface knowledge in KARDIO. Artificial Intelligence in Medicine 2 (2), pp. 67-83, 1990. Mozetic, I., Pfahringer, B. Improving diagnostic efficiency in KARDIO: abstractions, constraint propagation, and model compilation. To appear in Deep Models for Medical Knowledge Engineering (E. Keravnou, Ed.), Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1992. The following are domain specifications (domains are sorted): domains_arr(arr(SA, Atr, AV, Jun, BB, Reg, Ect)) :- domain( SA, [quiet,sa,sad,sb,sr,st] ), domain( Atr, [aeb,af,afl,at,mat,quiet,wp] ), domain( AV, [avb1,avb3,lgl,mob2,normal,wen,wpw] ), domain( Jun, [jb,jeb,jr,jt,quiet] ), domain( BB, [lbbb,normal,rbbb] ), domain( Reg, [avr,quiet,vf,vfl,vr,vt] ), domain( Ect, [quiet,veb] ). domains_ecg(ecg(Rhythm, P, RateP, P_QRS, PR, QRS, Rate, EctP, EctPR, EctQRS)) :- domain( Rhythm,[irregular,regular] ), domain( P, [abnormal,absent,changing,normal] ), domain( RateP, [between_100_250,between_250_350,between_60_100, over_350,under_60,zero] ), domain( P_QRS, [after_P_always_QRS,after_P_some_QRS_miss, independent_P_QRS,meaningless] ), domain( PR, [after_QRS_is_P,changing,meaningless,normal, prolonged,shortened] ), domain( QRS, [absent,delta_LBBB,delta_RBBB,normal,wide_LBBB, wide_LBBB_RBBB,wide_RBBB] ), domain( Rate, [between_100_250,between_250_350,between_60_100, over_350,under_60] ), domain( EctP, [abnormal,absent] ), domain( EctPR, [after_QRS_is_P,meaningless,normal,prolonged,shortened] ), domain( EctQRS,[absent,delta_LBBB,delta_RBBB,normal,wide_LBBB, wide_LBBB_RBBB,wide_RBBB] ). ******************************************************************************** */ %% %% File: model4.pl %% % Model of the heart at the most detailed, 4th level. % Fast for simulation, slower for diagnosis, % can be used to generate a complete Arr-ECG relational table. % Non-redundant specification, relates 943 Arr to 3096 ECG, 5240 pairs. /* ?- sample_arr(4, Arr ), simulate( Arr, ECG ). ECG = ecg(regular,abnormal,between_100_250,after_P_always_QRS,shortened, normal,between_100_250,abnormal,shortened,normal) ; ECG = ecg(regular,abnormal,between_100_250,after_P_always_QRS,shortened, normal,between_100_250,abnormal,after_QRS_is_P,normal) ; ECG = ecg(regular,abnormal,between_100_250,after_P_always_QRS,shortened, normal,between_100_250,absent,meaningless,normal) ; no ?- sample_ecg(4, ECG ), simulate( Arr, ECG ). Arr = arr(quiet,at,normal,jeb,normal,quiet,quiet) ; Arr = arr(quiet,at,lgl,jeb,normal,quiet,quiet) ; no ?- simulate( Arr, ECG ). Arr = arr(sa,aeb,avb1,quiet,normal,quiet,quiet), ECG = ecg(irregular,normal,between_60_100,after_P_always_QRS,prolonged, normal,between_60_100,abnormal,prolonged,normal) ; Arr = arr(sa,aeb,avb1,quiet,lbbb,quiet,quiet), ECG = ecg(irregular,normal,between_60_100,after_P_always_QRS,prolonged, wide_LBBB,between_60_100,abnormal,prolonged,wide_LBBB) ; ... */ sample_ecg(4, ecg(regular, abnormal, between_100_250, after_P_always_QRS, shortened, normal, between_100_250, abnormal, after_QRS_is_P, normal)). sample_arr(4, arr(quiet,at,lgl,jeb,normal,quiet,quiet)). mem( X, [X|_] ). mem( X, [_|L] ) :- mem( X, L ). simulate( Arr, ECG ) :- possible( Arr ), % possible4.pl heart( Arr, ECG ). % heart4.pl %% %% File: heart4.pl %% % Deep model of the heart, 4th level of detail. heart( arr(SA, AF, AV, JUN, BB, VF, VEF), ecg(Rhythm, P, RateP, P_QRS, PR, QRS, Rate, EctP, EctPR, EctQRS) ) :- gen_sa_4( SA, ImpSA ), gen_atr_4( AF, ImpAF ), summ_4( ImpSA, ImpAF, ImpATR ), cond_ant_4( AV, ImpATR, ImpAV ), gen_jun_4( JUN, ImpJUN ), gen_reg_4( VF, ImpVF ), gen_ect_4( VEF, ImpVF ), summ_4( ImpJUN, ImpVF, ImpIV ), cond_ret_4( AV, ImpIV, ImpRET ), summ_4( ImpAV, ImpIV, ImpINV ), summ_4( ImpRET, ImpATR, ImpSV ), summ_4( ImpAV, ImpJUN, ImpHIS ), cond_bb_4( BB, ImpHIS, ImpBB ), summ_4( ImpBB, ImpVF, ImpVENT ), atr_ecg_4( ImpSV, P, RateP, EctP ), av_ecg_4( ImpSV, ImpINV, P_QRS, PR, EctPR ), vent_ecg_4( ImpVENT, Rhythm, QRS, Rate, EctQRS ). % Impulse generation. gen_sa_4( quiet, form(reg(sa_node, none, zero), ect(sa_node, no)) ). gen_sa_4( sr, form(reg(sa_node, regular, between_60_100), ect(sa_node, no)) ). gen_sa_4( sb, form(reg(sa_node, regular, under_60), ect(sa_node, no)) ). gen_sa_4( st, form(reg(sa_node, regular, between_100_250), ect(sa_node, no)) ). gen_sa_4( sad, form(reg(sa_node, irregular, between_60_100), ect(sa_node, no)) ). gen_sa_4( sad, form(reg(sa_node, irregular, under_60), ect(sa_node, no)) ). gen_sa_4( sa, form(reg(sa_node, irregular, between_60_100), ect(sa_node, no)) ). gen_sa_4( sa, form(reg(sa_node, irregular, under_60), ect(sa_node, no)) ). gen_atr_4( quiet, form(reg(atr_focus, none, zero), ect(atr_focus, no)) ). gen_atr_4( wp, form(reg(wandering, irregular, between_60_100), ect(atr_focus, no)) ). gen_atr_4( at, form(reg(atr_focus, regular, between_100_250), ect(atr_focus, no)) ). gen_atr_4( mat, form(reg(wandering, irregular, between_100_250), ect(atr_focus, no)) ). gen_atr_4( afl, form(reg(flutter, regular, between_250_350), ect(atr_focus, no)) ). gen_atr_4( af, form(reg(fibflut, irregular, over_350), ect(atr_focus, no)) ). gen_atr_4( af, form(reg(fibrill, irregular, over_350), ect(atr_focus, no)) ). gen_atr_4( aeb, form(reg(atr_focus, none, zero), ect(atr_focus, uni)) ). gen_jun_4( quiet, form(reg(junction, none, zero), ect(junction, no)) ). gen_jun_4( jb, form(reg(junction, regular, under_60), ect(junction, no)) ). gen_jun_4( jr, form(reg(junction, regular, between_60_100), ect(junction, no)) ). gen_jun_4( jt, form(reg(junction, regular, between_100_250), ect(junction, no)) ). gen_jun_4( jeb, form(reg(junction, none, zero), ect(junction, uni)) ). gen_reg_4( quiet, form( reg(ventric, none, zero), _) ). gen_reg_4( vr, form( reg(ventric, regular, under_60), _) ). gen_reg_4( avr, form( reg(ventric, regular, between_60_100), _) ). gen_reg_4( vt, form( reg(ventric, regular, between_100_250), _) ). gen_reg_4( vfl, form( reg(ventric, regular, between_250_350), _) ). gen_reg_4( vf, form( reg(ventric, irregular, over_350), _) ). gen_ect_4( quiet, form( _, ect(ventric, no)) ). gen_ect_4( veb, form( _, ect(ventric, uni)) ). % AV impulse conduction. cond_ant_4( AV, form(RegATR, EctATR), form(RegAV, EctAV) ) :- ant_reg_4( AV, RegATR, RegAV ), ant_ect_4( AV, EctATR, EctAV ). ant_ect_4( AV, ect(Loc, no), ect(Loc, no) ). ant_ect_4( avb3, ect(Loc, uni), ect(Loc, no) ). ant_ect_4( AV, ect(_, uni), ect(Cond, uni) ) :- ante_4( AV, Cond ). ante_4( normal,normal ). ante_4( avb1, delayed ). ante_4( wen, prog_delay ). ante_4( mob2, part_block ). ante_4( wpw, kent ). ante_4( lgl, james ). ant_reg_4( AV, reg(_, Rhythm1, Rate1), reg(Cond, Rhythm2, Rate2) ) :- anterograd_4( AV, Cond, Rhythm1, Rhythm2, Rate1, Rate2 ). anterograd_4( normal,normal, Rhythm, Rhythm, Rate, Rate ) :- mem( Rate, [zero, under_60, between_60_100, between_100_250] ). anterograd_4( avb1, delayed, Rhythm, Rhythm, Rate, Rate ) :- mem( Rate, [under_60, between_60_100, between_100_250] ). anterograd_4( wen, prog_delay, regular, irregular, Rate0, Rate ) :- reduced_4( Rate0, Rate ). anterograd_4( wen, prog_delay, irregular, irregular, Rate0, Rate ) :- reduced_4( Rate0, Rate ). anterograd_4( mob2, part_block, Rhythm, Rhythm, Rate0, Rate ) :- reduced_4( Rate0, Rate ). anterograd_4( avb3, _, _, none, Rate, zero ) :- non_zero_4( Rate ). anterograd_4( wpw, kent, Rhythm, Rhythm, Rate, Rate ) :- non_zero_4( Rate ). anterograd_4( lgl, james, Rhythm, Rhythm, Rate, Rate ) :- mem( Rate, [under_60, between_60_100, between_100_250] ). anterograd_4( normal,normal, irregular, irregular, over_350, Rate ) :- mem( Rate, [under_60, between_60_100, between_100_250] ). anterograd_4( normal,normal, regular, irregular, between_250_350, Rate ) :- mem( Rate, [under_60, between_60_100, between_100_250] ). anterograd_4( normal,normal, regular, regular, between_250_350, Rate ) :- mem( Rate, [under_60, between_60_100, between_100_250] ). % Retrograd AV impulse conduction. cond_ret_4( AV, form(RegIV, EctIV), form(RegRET, EctRET) ) :- ret_reg_4( AV, RegIV, RegRET ), ret_ect_4( AV, EctIV, EctRET ). ret_reg_4( avb3, reg(Loc, _, _ ), reg(Loc, none, zero) ). ret_reg_4( _ , reg(Loc, _, Rate), reg(Loc, none, zero) ) :- mem( Rate, [zero, between_250_350, over_350] ). ret_reg_4( AV, reg(Loc, Rhythm, Rate), reg(Retro, Rhythm, Rate) ) :- mem( AV, [normal, avb1, wen, mob2, wpw, lgl] ), mem( Rate, [under_60, between_60_100, between_100_250] ), retrograd_4( Loc, Retro ). ret_ect_4( AV, ect(Loc, no), ect(Loc, no) ). ret_ect_4( avb3, ect(Loc, uni), ect(Loc, no) ). ret_ect_4( AV, ect(Loc, uni), ect(Retro, uni) ) :- mem( AV, [normal, avb1, wen, mob2, wpw, lgl] ), retrograd_4( Loc, Retro ). retrograd_4( junction, faster ). retrograd_4( junction, slower ). retrograd_4( junction, equal ). retrograd_4( ventric, equal ). retrograd_4( ventric, slower ). % Impulse conduction through bundle branches. cond_bb_4( BB, form(RegHIS, EctHIS), form(RegBB, EctBB) ) :- bb_reg_4( BB, RegHIS, RegBB ), bb_ect_4( BB, EctHIS, EctBB ). bb_reg_4( BB, reg(Loc, none, zero), reg(Loc, none, zero) ). bb_reg_4( BB, reg(His_cond, Rhythm, Rate), reg(BB_cond, Rhythm, Rate) ) :- non_zero_4( Rate ), bb_conduct_4( BB, His_cond, BB_cond ). bb_ect_4( BB, ect(Loc, no), ect(Loc, no) ). bb_ect_4( BB, ect(His_cond, uni), ect(BB_cond, uni) ) :- bb_conduct_4( BB, His_cond, BB_cond ). bb_conduct_4( _, kent, kent ). bb_conduct_4( normal, His_cond, normal ) :- mem( His_cond, [normal, james, delayed, prog_delay, part_block, junction] ). bb_conduct_4( lbbb, His_cond, lbb_block ) :- mem( His_cond, [normal, james, delayed, prog_delay, part_block, junction] ). bb_conduct_4( rbbb, His_cond, rbb_block ) :- mem( His_cond, [normal, james, delayed, prog_delay, part_block, junction] ). % SV impulse projection on ECG (P). atr_ecg_4( form(Reg, Ect), P, Prate, EctP ) :- atr_reg_4( Reg, P, Prate ), atr_ect_4( Ect, EctP ). atr_reg_4( reg(_, none, zero), absent, zero ). atr_reg_4( reg(SV, _, Rate), P, Prate ) :- non_zero_4( Rate ), supra_vent_4( SV, P, Rate, Prate ). atr_ect_4( ect(_, no), absent ). atr_ect_4( ect(SV, uni), P ) :- supra_vent_4( SV, P, _, _ ). supra_vent_4( sa_node, normal, Rate, Rate ). supra_vent_4( atr_focus, abnormal, Rate, Rate ). supra_vent_4( wandering, changing, Rate, Rate ). supra_vent_4( flutter, abnormal, Rate, Rate ). supra_vent_4( fibflut, abnormal, Rate, Rate ). supra_vent_4( fibrill, absent, _, zero ). supra_vent_4( faster, abnormal, Rate, Rate ). supra_vent_4( equal, absent, _, zero ). supra_vent_4( slower, abnormal, Rate, Rate ). % SV and AV impulse projection on ECG (P_QRS, PR). av_ecg_4( form(RegSV, EctSV), form(RegAV, EctAV), P_QRS, PR, EctPR ) :- av_reg_4( RegSV, RegAV, P_QRS, PR ), av_ect_4( EctSV, EctAV, EctPR ). av_reg_4( reg(_, _, zero), _, meaningless, meaningless ). av_reg_4( reg(SV, _, Rate), reg(AV, _, _), P_QRS, PR ) :- non_zero_4( Rate ), his_bundle_4( AV, SV, PR, P_QRS ). av_ect_4( ect(_, no), _, meaningless ). av_ect_4( ect(_, uni), ect(_, no), meaningless ). av_ect_4( ect(SV, uni), ect(AV, uni), PR ) :- his_bundle_4( AV, SV, PR, _ ). his_bundle_4( delayed, _, prolonged, after_P_always_QRS ). his_bundle_4( prog_delay, _, prolonged, after_P_some_QRS_miss ). his_bundle_4( part_block, _, normal, after_P_some_QRS_miss ). his_bundle_4( james, _, shortened, after_P_always_QRS ). his_bundle_4( kent, sa_node, shortened, after_P_always_QRS ). his_bundle_4( kent, atr_focus, shortened, after_P_always_QRS ). his_bundle_4( kent, wandering, shortened, after_P_always_QRS ). his_bundle_4( kent, flutter, meaningless, meaningless ). his_bundle_4( kent, fibflut, meaningless, meaningless ). his_bundle_4( kent, fibrill, meaningless, meaningless ). his_bundle_4( normal, sa_node, normal, after_P_always_QRS ). his_bundle_4( normal, fibrill, meaningless, meaningless ). his_bundle_4( normal, fibflut, meaningless, meaningless ). his_bundle_4( normal, fibflut, meaningless, independent_P_QRS ). his_bundle_4( normal, fibflut, meaningless, after_P_some_QRS_miss ). his_bundle_4( normal, flutter, meaningless, after_P_some_QRS_miss ). his_bundle_4( normal, wandering, normal, after_P_always_QRS ). his_bundle_4( normal, wandering, changing, after_P_always_QRS ). his_bundle_4( normal, atr_focus, normal, after_P_always_QRS ). his_bundle_4( normal, atr_focus, shortened, after_P_always_QRS ). his_bundle_4( normal, atr_focus, prolonged, after_P_always_QRS ). his_bundle_4( junction, faster, shortened, after_P_always_QRS ). his_bundle_4( AV, equal, meaningless, meaningless ) :- mem( AV, [junction, ventric] ). his_bundle_4( AV, slower, after_QRS_is_P, after_P_always_QRS ) :- mem( AV, [junction, ventric] ). his_bundle_4( AV, SV, meaningless, independent_P_QRS ) :- mem( AV, [junction, ventric] ), mem( SV, [sa_node, atr_focus, wandering, flutter, fibflut, fibrill] ). % VENT impulse projection on ECG (Rhythm, Rate, QRS). vent_ecg_4( form(Reg, Ect), Rhythm, QRS, Rate, EctQRS ) :- vent_reg_4( Reg, Rhythm, QRS, Rate ), vent_ect_4( Ect, EctQRS ). vent_reg_4( reg(_, Rhythm, over_350), Rhythm, absent, over_350 ). vent_reg_4( reg(VENT, Rhythm, Rate), Rhythm, QRS, Rate ) :- mem( Rate, [under_60, between_60_100, between_100_250, between_250_350] ), ventricles_4( VENT, QRS ). vent_ect_4( ect(_, no), absent ). vent_ect_4( ect(VENT, uni), QRS ) :- ventricles_4( VENT, QRS ). ventricles_4( normal, normal ). ventricles_4( lbb_block, wide_LBBB ). ventricles_4( rbb_block, wide_RBBB ). ventricles_4( ventric, wide_RBBB ). ventricles_4( ventric, wide_LBBB ). ventricles_4( ventric, wide_LBBB_RBBB ). ventricles_4( kent, delta_LBBB ). ventricles_4( kent, delta_RBBB ). % Impulse summation. summ_4( form(Reg1,Ect1), form(Reg2,Ect2), form(Reg,Ect) ) :- summ_reg_4( Reg1, Reg2, Reg ), summ_ect_4( Ect1, Ect2, Ect ). summ_reg_4( reg(_, none, zero), Impulse, Impulse ). summ_reg_4( reg(Loc, Rhythm, Rate), reg(_, none, zero), reg(Loc, Rhythm, Rate) ) :- non_zero_4( Rate ). summ_ect_4( ect(Loc, no), ect(_, no), ect(Loc, no) ). summ_ect_4( ect(Loc, uni), ect(_, no), ect(Loc, uni) ). summ_ect_4( ect(_, no), ect(Loc, uni), ect(Loc, uni) ). % Utilities reduced_4( Rate0, Rate0 ) :- mem( Rate0, [under_60, between_60_100, between_100_250] ). reduced_4( between_60_100, under_60 ). reduced_4( between_100_250, between_60_100 ). non_zero_4( Rate ) :- mem( Rate, [under_60,between_60_100,between_100_250,between_250_350,over_350]). %% %% File: possible4.pl %% % Constraints which eliminate physiologically impossible % and medically uninteresting arrhythmias at level 4. % Non-redundant (943 Arr), nonground (BB,Ect) specification. possible(arr(SA, aeb, AV, quiet,BB, quiet,quiet)) :- mem(SA, [sa,sad,sb,sr,st]), mem(AV, [avb1,lgl,mob2,wen]). possible(arr(SA, aeb, avb3, Jun, BB, quiet,quiet)) :- mem(SA, [sa,sad,sb,sr,st]), mem(Jun,[jb,jr,jt]). possible(arr(SA, aeb, avb3, quiet,normal,Reg, quiet)) :- mem(SA, [sa,sad,sb,sr,st]), mem(Reg,[avr,vr,vt]). possible(arr(SA, aeb, normal,quiet,BB, quiet,quiet)) :- mem(SA, [sa,sad,sb,sr,st]). possible(arr(SA, aeb, wpw, quiet,normal,quiet,quiet)) :- mem(SA, [sa,sad,sb,sr,st]). possible(arr(SA, quiet,AV, jeb, BB, quiet,quiet)) :- mem(SA, [sa,sad,sb,sr,st]), mem(AV, [avb1,lgl,mob2,wen]). possible(arr(SA, quiet,AV, quiet,BB, quiet,Ect) ) :- mem(SA, [sa,sad,sb,sr,st]), mem(AV, [avb1,lgl,mob2,wen]). possible(arr(SA, quiet,avb3, Jun, BB, quiet,Ect) ) :- mem(SA, [sa,sad,sb,sr,st]), mem(Jun,[jb,jr,jt]). possible(arr(SA, quiet,avb3, jeb, BB, Reg, quiet)) :- mem(SA, [sa,sad,sb,sr,st]), mem(Reg,[avr,vr,vt]). possible(arr(SA, quiet,avb3, quiet,normal,Reg, Ect) ) :- mem(SA, [sa,sad,sb,sr,st]), mem(Reg,[avr,vr,vt]). possible(arr(SA, quiet,normal,jeb, BB, quiet,quiet)) :- mem(SA, [sa,sad,sb,sr,st]). possible(arr(SA, quiet,normal,quiet,BB, quiet,Ect) ) :- mem(SA, [sa,sad,sb,sr,st]). possible(arr(SA, quiet,wpw, jeb, BB, quiet,quiet)) :- mem(SA, [sa,sad,sb,sr,st]). possible(arr(SA, quiet,wpw, quiet,normal,quiet,Ect) ) :- mem(SA, [sa,sad,sb,sr,st]). possible(arr(quiet,Atr, avb3, Jun, BB, quiet,Ect) ) :- mem(Atr,[af,afl,at,mat,wp]), mem(Jun,[jb,jr,jt]). possible(arr(quiet,Atr, avb3, jeb, BB, Reg, quiet)) :- mem(Atr,[af,afl,at,mat,wp]), mem(Reg,[avr,vr,vt]). possible(arr(quiet,Atr, avb3, quiet,normal,Reg, Ect) ) :- mem(Atr,[af,afl,at,mat,wp]), mem(Reg,[avr,vr,vt]). possible(arr(quiet,Atr, normal,jeb, BB, quiet,quiet)) :- mem(Atr,[af,afl,at,mat,wp]). possible(arr(quiet,Atr, normal,quiet,BB, quiet,Ect) ) :- mem(Atr,[af,afl,at,mat,wp]). possible(arr(quiet,Atr, wpw, quiet,normal,quiet,quiet)) :- mem(Atr,[af,afl]). possible(arr(quiet,Atr, AV, jeb, BB, quiet,quiet)) :- mem(Atr,[at,mat,wp]), mem(AV, [avb1,lgl,mob2,wen]). possible(arr(quiet,Atr, AV, quiet,BB, quiet,Ect) ) :- mem(Atr,[at,mat,wp]), mem(AV, [avb1,lgl,mob2,wen]). possible(arr(quiet,Atr, wpw, jeb, BB, quiet,quiet)) :- mem(Atr,[at,mat,wp]). possible(arr(quiet,Atr, wpw, quiet,normal,quiet,Ect) ) :- mem(Atr,[at,mat,wp]). possible(arr(quiet,aeb, normal,Jun, BB, quiet,quiet)) :- mem(Jun,[jb,jr,jt]). possible(arr(quiet,aeb, normal,quiet,BB, Reg, quiet)) :- mem(Reg,[avr,vr,vt]). possible(arr(quiet,quiet,normal,Jun, BB, quiet,Ect) ) :- mem(Jun,[jb,jr,jt]). possible(arr(quiet,quiet,normal,jeb, BB, Reg, quiet)) :- mem(Reg,[avr,vr,vt]). possible(arr(quiet,quiet,normal,quiet,normal,Reg, Ect) ) :- mem(Reg,[avr,vr,vt]). possible(arr(quiet,quiet,normal,quiet,normal,Reg, quiet)) :- mem(Reg,[vf,vfl]). of([],F,A,T) :- functor(T,F,A). of(X=Y,F,A,T) :- functor(T,F,A), arg(X,T,Y). of([Head|Rest],F,A,T) :- of(Head,F,A,T), of(Rest,F,A,T). demoN(G) :- forall(G,print(+)). demo1 :- demoN( (of([6=vf,1=sr],arr,7,Ar), of(1=irregular,ecg,10,Ecg), heart(Ar,Ecg) )). demo2 :- demoN( (of([],arr,7,Ar), of([],ecg,10,Ecg), heart(Ar,Ecg) )).